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Darwinian evolution says that complex systems arise through numerous successive, slight modifications over many generations that are beneficial for survival of the species. But we have shown that bacterial flagellum is a highly complex system that could not have been the product of numerous slight modifications over a great period of time because the flagellum system is a complete packaged unit.
It shows both design and complexity, two things that evolution cannot explain. Bacterial flagellum is not an isolated case. There are thousands of irreducibly complex systems throughout the biological world. Cilium—hair-like structures that are found in our throats that move mucus up and out are another example. Within the blood clotting cascade there are a dozen clotting factors, dozens of proteins, and dozens of steps in blood clot formation. The same irreducible complexity appears in the adaptive immune response system in living creatures. Not to mention DNA replication, the Golden Ratio, and the human eye, among many more.
The human eye is one of the most complex systems in human anatomy. Darwin gave it much attention and even though he recognized its complexity he still maintained that a complex eye could evolve from simple random mutations creating some primordial light-sensitive cells. And then evolving from there.
